Quiz: Write a C++ function (you decide on the name) that takes a character array (i.e., string) as an argument. The function trims any leading and trailing whitespace characters from the given string and it also replaces any occur- rences of space characters with underscores. You decide how the function "returns" the modified string.

Quiz

Write a C++ function (you decide on the name) that takes a character array
(i.e., string) as an argument. The function trims any leading and trailing
whitespace characters from the given string and it also replaces any occur-
rences of space characters with underscores. You decide how the function
"returns" the modified string. Note: Do not use any "string function" that
may be available; i.e., do it yourself!

Write a C++ program that demonstrates your function performs correctly.

Accomplish this either as a team or as an individual.

Although the joy experienced and knowledge acquired while doing this problem
should be reward enough, I'll go ahead and assign 25 points to this exercise.

*********************************************************
*                   Some Help For You                   *
*********************************************************

Function Prototype: void My_Stringer (char[], char[]);

Function: void My_Stringer (char init_str[], char new_str[]) {

    Pseudocode:

    // Find where the given string begins, bypassing any whitespace.

    Set Index to 0

    While (init_str[Index] == Space Character OR init_str[Index] == Tab Character)
        Increment Index
    End While

    Set Start_Index to Index

    // Find where the given string ends.

    // Find where the given string ends, bypassing any trailing whitespace.

    // Create new string (i.e., new_str), replacing space characters with underscores.


End Function




// Programming Environment: Bloodshed
// Program Description: This program takes input from user and it stores it in
//                      an array. It uses this characters stored in an array to
//                      manupulate any space character and tab characters in
//                      between the other characters in to underscore as well as
//                      it trims any leading and trailing whitespace characters
//                      from the string using function.
// Date/Time: 3/29/2010  4:41:41 AM
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "extras.h"
#include "Generic_Class.h"
using namespace std;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Named Constants
const int MAX_ELEMENTS = 256;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Structure Declarations
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Function Prototypes
void My_Stringer (char[], char[]);

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main (void) {

    cout.setf (ios::fixed, ios::floatfield);
    cout.setf (ios::showpoint);
    cout.precision (2);
  
    char Init_Str[MAX_ELEMENTS]; // For manupulation.  
    cout << endl << "Enter Anything you want and I will convert it: ";
    cin.getline(Init_Str, MAX_ELEMENTS);  
    char New_Str[MAX_ELEMENTS]; // Array declared to store the manupulated array.
    My_Stringer(Init_Str, New_Str);
    cout << endl << New_Str; // Displaying the manupulated string array which
    //--------------------------our function passed after processing it.
  
    //---------------------------------------------------------
    cout << endl << endl << "\aDepress Any Key to Continue...";
    _getch ();
    return 0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Function Definitions
void My_Stringer (char init_str[], char new_str[]) {
     // This function defination takes the address/argument of the the actual
     // function in main and performs the calculation so that we could access the
     // manupulated output from main.
     // First we find the start index ignoring any space and tab characters from
     // the beginning of the array till we found the characters except space and
     // tab. Then, we find the end of the character that the user has last entered.
     // Now, we move backwards from the position where the string ends searching
     // for characters excpet space and tab as we have to ignore them.
     // Once we find that character then we set that index of memory location as
     // our end index so that we get the starting and ending point where we have
     // to manupulate.
     // In this range of start index and end index, we now convert any space and
     // tab character in to underscore and leave it as it is if we encounter
     // other characters excpet them. At the same time we transfer the
     // manupulated characterd in to a new array. Hence displaying this array
     // in the main would display the manupulated array.
     // Lastly, we put the (end of character / string terminator) to the
     // character array we created in main to make it a string array or to
     // terminate the array.
        
     int index = 0;
     while (init_str[index] == ' ' || init_str[index] == '\t') {
           ++ index;
     }
     int start_index = index; // Start boundry.
      
     index = 0;
     while (init_str[index] != '\0') {
           ++ index; // After the while loop, we are at the end of user entered
           //-----------character.
     }  
     -- index; // It moves one index back than the index that has end of
     //-----------character which allows us to compare the space and tab user
     //-----------enters after the last characters setting the ground to ignore
     //-----------trailing whitespace characters.  
     while (init_str[index] == ' ' || init_str[index] == '\t') {
     --index; // From the end of the characters entered by user we move
     //----------backwards to find space and tabs to get the end index.
     }  
  
     int end_index = index; // Store it to other variable so that we can use
     //------------------------index again.
     int j = 0; // For our new array.  
     // Since, we have our boundry, we now use the for loop in our bounrdy of
     // concern to put underscore where there is space and tabs. We skip the
     // tabs and space in the trailing and leading section of our array by
     // assigning the values to our new array in this boundry only.
     for (int index = start_index; index <= end_index; ++index, ++j) {
         if (init_str[index] != ' ' && init_str[index] != '\t'  ) {
            new_str[j] = init_str[index];
            } else {
                   new_str[j] = '_';
            }        
     }
     new_str[j] = '\0'; // We are ending the array after loading all the
     //--------------------manupulation so that when we disply the new array
     //--------------------it won't load unnecessary memory loctions.
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------